Cyber vulnerabilities in UK rail systems
The UK rail sector is increasingly exposed to cyber risks due to the integration of digital technology with outdated legacy systems, as Petards Rail reports. Operational technology now controls train movements and critical infrastructure, necessitating enhanced risk management. Reports have indicated multiple cyber intrusions, demonstrating vulnerabilities in essential railway systems and emphasising the urgent need for improved cyber defences to protect public confidence.
Experts caution that major threats may arise from internal actors or compromised supply chains, as evidenced by a 2024 Wi-Fi hijacking incident at major stations linked to insider access through a third-party provider. To secure vital national infrastructure, the rail industry must adopt a proactive cybersecurity approach, embedding resilience and continuous risk assessments into operations. This is crucial not only for maintaining economic stability but also for achieving environmental goals, as rail accounts for 9% of UK passenger miles while contributing only 1.4% of domestic transport emissions.